The Influence of Ancient Religion

Accrual Method Essay Essay Example

Accrual Method Essay Essay Example Accrual Method Essay Essay Accrual Method Essay Essay The accrual method of accounting and the hard currency footing of accounting are different in the manner that they record minutess. With hard currency footing accounting. the bureau records money to its book once it is received or when it leaves their system. The accrual method. though. records a dealing when it happens. even if they do non have money for it yet. Accrual accounting is a more accurate portrayal of the non-profit-making organization’s fundss. If they supply a service they instantly record the cost of that service. This point of position is of import because it is more accurate than the hard currency footing signifier of accounting. which merely paperss income when hard currency comes into the organisation. The statement of hard currency flow is of cardinal importance to an organization’s fiscal direction. This statement gives the organisation a dislocation of every dealing that comes in or out. This is totaled up over a peculiar clip period. If there are any differences in the organisational minutess. the statement of hard currency flow makes this clear. The fiscal stableness of an organisation rests on what money they make or spend every twenty-four hours. The organisation might travel belly-up if they do non track how their money is spent. These accounting patterns offer solid certification of where money goes.

Nespresso Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Nespresso - Essay Example The company has numerous opportunities, which range from expansion of its markets to progression of its sales as more people continue to buy its capsules. Discussion Internal Environment of Nespresso Nespresso has continued to record profits since 2001. This success is because coffee is among the most traded commodities on the world markets. Particularly, markets such as the French market are worth Billions of Euros and the country has been producing tones of the commodity. At Nespresso, the capsules segment has continued to increase as Seifert, Leleux, & Tucci (2008, p. 64) indicate that the year 2005 saw an increase by 57% and 56% in volume and value respectively. Moreover, since 2005, Nespresso’s market has grown by a wide margin annually. This progress can be partly attributed to the fact the machines used at Nespresso are capable of producing real espresso. According to Kourdi (2009, p. 79), the numerous chain outlets under Nespresso are currently competing with Italian b rands such as Segrafredo and Illy or players such as Columbus coffee and Starbucks coffee. The adoption of club Nespresso has catered for the provision of personalized advice on a 24/7 schedule with customers being informed about how to maintain the machines and use the products. Furthermore, Nespresso has adopted a sales channel, which has been widely used to order capsules, accessories and machines and guarantees delivery of Nespresso products within a few working days. Nespresso has a hotline that addresses technical issues and operates daily. Technicians at Nespresso provide assistance regarding return of machines, repairs, after-sales issues and replacement. Nespresso provides special services to companies that chose to install machines in their offices. This service is also provided to restaurants, hotels, airlines and luxury goods stores that serve customers with Nespresso. Nespresso has continued to enjoy success due to personalized services like follow-ups, which it offers to its customers. This service depends on the amount of coffee bought by the customer. Nespresso also sends reminder emails to the customer in case it thinks that the customer is about to run out of supply. Moreover, people who buy Nespresso machines automatically become members of the Nespresso club (Eigenhuis & Dijk, 2007, p. 28). Nespresso’s internal environment has also been characterized by weaknesses. Some of the weaknesses include decline in coffee consumption amongst the young population. Cronin (2010, p. 89) indicates that over the last decade coffee prices have experienced a slump. Moreover, the producers receive minimal proceeds from the sale of coffee given that intermediaries take unjustified cuts. Some of these intermediaries are infamous for their unscrupulous business practices. Furthermore, the capsule system adopted by Nespresso is unfriendly to the environment. External Environment Nespresso has numerous opportunities as coffee is among the trendiest drink in the world. According to Seifert, Leleux, & Tucci (2008, p. 60), millions of cups are drunk every day. Given the superior quality being produced by Nespresso and its marketing strategy, the company will be able to expand and gain a huge market to further its operations. It has become a modern trend for social occasions and informal meetings to be avenues for drinking coffee. This is a good opportunity for Nespresso, as it will benefit immensely

Part 4 Analysis, Evaluation of GoalsObjectives Essay

Part 4 Analysis, Evaluation of GoalsObjectives - Essay Example Lay, (Chairman and CEO of Frito-Lay), through the merger of the two companies in 1965. Pepsi is known for aggressive marketing campaigns and setting challenging targets for it. Goals must be set after studying the market dynamics as well as the strengths of the company. The SMART model for setting goals was developed by psychologists as a comprehensive tool for the goal-setting exercise. As per this model goals must be; Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Relevant, and Time-bound. One of the immediate strategic goals of PepsiCo was to take on Coca-Cola, its age-old rival in the soft drink segment. In fact the "cola war," which describes mainly the on-going battle between Coca-Cola and Pepsi for supremacy in the soft drink industry, dates back to the 1950s when Pepsi's corporate focus became "Beat Coke" (Yoffie, 2004). Since then, they have battled domestically and globally for market share and sales, with a tremendous amount at stake. Both of them seem to be regularly updating the information about their rival as there seem to be no secrets in the beverage category, with Coca-Cola and Pepsi typically releasing new products in unison. To this end PepsiCo launched a "Pepsi Challenge", a blind test of taste, from 1975 to 1983. In this test Pepsi came out victorious as the preferred taste over Coca-Cola. Therefore it is quite apparent that PepsiCo succeeded in attaining this goal. PepsiCo is ranked 21st amongst Fortune 500 companies in 2005. Profit maximization and earning revenues from its operations happens to be the prime goals of any company. To this end companies try to establish their brands amongst the customers, which forms another goal in itself. In today's market driven economy concept, the art of communication to existing consumers as well as prospective consumers takes a great deal out of the managerial brain storming sessions. Establishing the brand equity goes a long way towards earning good sales revenues and earning the all important brand loyalty. PepsiCo has indeed invested huge amounts in establishing a brand identity. Philanthropy is an important means of establishing the brand identity. PepsiCo has also expressed its commitment towards promoting Healthier Lifestyles (PepsiCo, 2005). It supports programs which help consumers with the "calories out" side of the equation as well. A SMART program from the stable of PepsiCo, aspires for a healthy living for its consumers. Such programs help in generating lot of goodwill for the company, which indeed benefits the company and its business prospects. Though company's stated goal is to support 'more active lifestyles for families and kids' - and get them to "move more" (PepsiCo, 2005). Another important goal that the company has set for itself is to have the reach of PepsiCo's products such that the products are available to consumers whenever and wherever they want it. To this end, the company has ahead with strategic tie up with many internationally renowned brands. Out of the 13 largest food and beverage brands sold in US supermarkets, 7 belong to PepsiCo. Owing to its operation in global market space, PepsiCo has been able to generate three major sustainable advantages which give it a competitive edge over its rivals. These advantages are (PepsiCo, 2005) basically the strong brand identity, Company's proven ability to innovate and create differentiated products, and a powerful 'go-to-market' system. Company has been able to implement the strategies

Making Communication Count Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Making Communication Count - Assignment Example Therefore, while she was attempting to illustrate the proposed changes to me, I kept on nudging my head as if I was agreeing to her. At one point, she asked me if we have enough funds assigned to use ICT in our coming classes and I answered, â€Å"I think that would help students†. The statement was self-explanatory about span of my attention at that particular point in time. Once she clarified what she meant I responded by saying, â€Å"I don’t know if students from ethnic minorities are up for this kind of advancement.† A visible expression of dismal was visible on her face as she was actually an Asian American herself. The statement was based on the workshop that I had attended a week earlier about discrepancies in our educational system about which she did not knew anything. Analyzing my non-verbal and verbal communication during this meeting, there are few changes that would be required to make this conversation better. Firstly, there should have a complete display of focus and undivided attention. If not possible, the meeting should have rescheduled as it is unethical not to exercise self-discipline during a dialogue. Furthermore, there was also a lack of responsibility and consideration for values of the respondent in this situation. Perhaps, use of culturally sensitive language and explanation for my statement would have made the overall conversation more effective. Part 2 Description of the Scenario Leaders in educational settings need to be aware of the responsibility that is inherent to their organizational status. Being a head of department makes faculty members responsible for their statement as their views and inputs are being examined by school’s management whereas the same piece of information can have a significant impact on the behavior and strategies used by junior faculty members. In a meeting with school principal, Mr. James and a junior teacher named Ms. Rachel (Pseudonym) who had recently joined and was suppose d to be supervised by me, there were some mixed responses and directions given by Mr. James that later on created difficulty for me and Ms. Rachel. The meeting began with principal being over occupied with domestic telephone calls which made us question if the meeting bears any importance to him. Once done with that, Mr. James kept on leaning back and forth on the chair which further projected an impression that he is not even considering it to be an important conversation despite the fact that it was Ms. Rachel’s first official encounter with him. While addressing the new teacher, Mr. James kept on addressing her as â€Å"Newbie† and mentioned that we have many students from you people i.e. the teacher was Iranian. I believe that instead of showing racism, he was just attempting to make her feel that her presence in the faculty will further help students. While continuing discussion about the curriculum and division of classes, he just mentioned that all the instructi ons are available on your portal and I will be providing directions to Ms. Rachel in day to day proceedings. However, instead of using the word ‘direction’, he said ‘helping’ which projected an impression that I will not be responsible for new teacher’s performance evaluation which was against organizational policies. When

A Report On Managing Across Cultures Management Essay

A Report On Managing Across Cultures Management Essay The new wave of internationalisation and globalisation demands that businesses operate across the globe promoting the exchange of trade investment emigrations and the like. To remain competitive businesses must be equipped to operate across the globe which invariably means across different cultures. Consequently, adequate measures creating the right environment to conduct business successfully across the different cultures of the world in this new age is definitely imperative. The following report briefly attempts to address these recurrent inadequacies that often derail lucrative global business endeavours by trying to highlight a simple structure of initial planning, followed up by proper positioning and the final execution that can serve to assist in the management of the people that are the driving force that engineer businesses across the different cultures of the world. The methodology employed in collating this report from introduction to conclusion was via research into provided materials to decipher the required data and information that could allow the required findings emerge to shed light on more information on managing across cultures with a view contribute to this predominate predicament. INTRODUCTION Managing, it can be stated, is simply the process of directing, organising or controlling in a desired way, while culture, in very broad term is the way of life of people characterized by, amongst others things, their behaviour, beliefs and traits. The aim of this report on à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Managing Across Culturesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  is to identify and explain some best practices that can be applied by managers in business when managing cross-cultural staff. It is by no means an exhaustive account of all the practices that can be applied when dealing with cross-cultural staff. The term cross-cultural staffs, simply implies staff that come from different cultural backgrounds. In this report three key stages will be used to signify the vital processes required in managing across cultures. These stages are as follows: (1) Innovation, (2) Preparation and (3) Implementation. These stages follow each other sequentially in the management of cross cultural staff and there is an attempt to show a correlation between all three stages whilst discussing the guiding principles involved in each stage. The research is sourced from renowned online academic books, journals, blogs and newspaper articles provided by the resident librarian at the university of Bedfordshire Luton park square campus Peter Godwin. Finally due to adherence to strict word limitation set for the report the explanations at each stage of the key guiding principles and application of given theories are reasonably concise but still effective. FINDINGS 1. Innovation The original convention that all management ideas and principles being generated from the core albeit suggestions from all other parts that make up the entire management chain is now proving less tenable when it comes to managing cross cultural staff successfully. Morden day practices now call for contributions from different parts of the management chain to put together ideologies that will apply adequately to cross cultural staff. There are two forms of management ideologies: Cultural control and Bureaucratic control, practiced by multinational businesses that manage cross cultural staff on a regular basis, with the cultural control being more successful than the bureaucratic control (Berry et al, p. 381). The former, on the one hand, involves the use of trained managers sent from the headquarters of the business to different locations to manage staff with policies modified to suit the local cultures of these locations. A good illustration of this managing ideology is presenting the text of company policy in the local language or languages where the company is located. For example, an English or American multinational company located in France will present the text of the company policy and all other correspondence to staff in French language though the original communiquÃÆ' © to the manager may be sent in English language. The latter, on the other hand, involves issuing guidelines for all aspect of staff a ctivities from the headquarters to all the branches of the business at different locations where managers are expected to manage staff with policies based on these guidelines. However, it should be noted that from surveys conducted, although the bureaucratic control model is more cost effective than the cultural control model in the short term, the latter will stand the company in good stead in terms of productivity, profits and staffs turn over in the long term (Berry et al, p. 381). There are other management ideologies that stem from propositions of convergence, divergence and the culture specific theories (Vecchi and Brennan 2009, p. 151). The convergence proposition supports the position that in a global age managers of cross-cultural staff adopt successful practices of their colleagues that manage other cross cultural staff to attain a high level of quality management, a practice that will work positively for cross cultural management in conjunction with the cultural control pattern of management. The divergent proposition that stands negatively against cross cultural management being more akin to bureaucratic control pattern seeks to support the position that maintaining one basic national management practice as prescribed from the central controlling body thereby disregarding the inputs of local cultures. The culture specific proposition serves to illustrate the significant influence of culture on management practices when managing cross-cultural staff. When this proposition is applied using Geert Hofstede (1980) five cultural dimensions as a comparative index, it is revealed that managers are able to appreciate the different responses of cross cultural staff based on the nature of the cultural frame work that could be either power distance, individualist, masculine, uncertainty avoidance or long term orientation. Accordingly, based on the above principle an analogy of staff from a culture with a comparatively higher power distance index may share a less cordial relationship with the manager than staff from lower levels of this cultural dimension (Vecchi and Brennan p.151). Staff from an individualist culture may tend to work better alone on most tasks while those from collectivist cultures may tend to perform better in a group. Masculine cultures may produce staffs that are target focused while feminine cultures may produce staffs that are customer centred. Those from cultures with high uncertainty avoidance will tend to be more emotional and structured in their actions while those from low uncertainty avoidance may tend to be more spontaneous and adapt quickly to change. The staff from cultures with long term orientation may tend to be tenacious and prudent while those from short term orientation may tend to be more retentive of habitual values and commitments. 2. Preparation The preparation process that is borne out of the management innovations comprises of cross cultural training. This practice follows naturally as the second step when operating a management ideology of cultural control with a convergence type attitude taking cognisance of the cultural framework of your cross cultural staff. The training is required for every employee to prepare them for their future cross cultural environments. The training of the staff can be conducted through a computer based interactive programme that each staff is mandated to take individually, a successful scheme that Accenture have conducted with relative success (Murray, 1985). Also, the training can take the form of re-enactments of actual culturally sensitive scenarios that have occurred in the work place by professional artists to heighten their effect with a view to correcting what ever misconstrued notions, attitudes and behaviours that the employees may have developed as a result of this cultural misunderstanding. This training pattern was successfully conducted by Lehman Brothers (Murray, 1985). There are other patterns of training involving, spontaneous on the spot addressing of cross cultural incidents born out of cultural misunderstanding that occur within the work environment. This training solution has been successfully deplored by a London based inter-cultural training consultancy, Future Considerations (Murray 1985). The training of managers to apply western styled management techniques to others cultures and vice versa (Berry et al, p. 383). The personal and impersonal domain patterns of leadership techniques include technocratic and charismatic leadership and participative leadership, team work and reward schemes respectively. The personal domain will be easily appreciated by cultures that are of low power distance index, uncertainty avoidance and long term orientation but are individualist and masculine, while the impersonal domain will appeal more to cultures that are of the reverse. 3. Implementation The implementation process of actualizing the foregoing stages also follows naturally from the preparation stage. At this stage, all employees,à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ managers and staff inclusive are encouraged to put the training brought about by the ideologies into practice to reflect the desired management direction. The idea of cultural collaboration, it has now been discovered, to be the end result of innovative management ideologies reinforced through inter cultural training. A simple illustration can be drawn from an exercise where an anthropologist observing staff of a company with cross cultural staff who regularly meet in a designated section of their office that was scheduled for reorganisation that would relocate certain furniture that the staff had cause to deliberated over thereby individually expressing their ideas on work related issues borne out of their cultural background that usually led to positive results arrived at harmoniously. Based on the advice of the anthropolo gist, the furniture was not relocated instead more designated sections were created in other sections of the company to promote cultural collaboration amongst cross cultural staff (Marrewijk, 2009). The idea of cultural collaboration as a positive tool in management across cultures cannot be over emphasised because it creates a harmonious environment where acceptance of cultural diversity can thrive without reprove. CONCLUTION In this report, the focus has been on an attempt to present key stages that are by no means exhaustive or independently distinctive, involved in the process of managing across cultures in a concise and effective way. As a result, three stages: innovation, preparation and implementation were identified. The innovation stage is where the ideologies on cross-cultural management are formulated, the preparation stage is where these ideologies are developed and the implementation stage is where these developed ideologies are manifested. In sum, innovation leads to developed ideologies and the result: desired better successful management across cultures and of cross-cultural staff.

Theropod Discovery Challenges the Dinosaur-to-Bird Theory :: Anthropology Essays Paleontology Papers

Theropod Discovery Challenges the Dinosaur-to-Bird Theory For years, it has been believed that Dinosaurs are ancestors of modern day birds. By simply looking at pictures of dinosaurs, one can find many physical similarities between these reptiles and modern day birds. Often the legs and the chest cavities are very similar in shape. Some dinosaurs have limbs that look like they could evolve into modern day wings, some dinosaurs even had feathers (6). A recent discovery in Italy of an extremely well preserved Scipionyx samniticus challenges this idea. The skeleton of this small Therapod was nearly complete, but more impressively, there was still remnants of soft tissue. Portions of the Trachea, the liver, the skeletal muscle, and the intestines were still preserved (1). Scipionyx is a small meat-eating dinosaur that lived in the early Cretaceous. It has sharp teeth and claws, with powerful hind legs. The fourth maxillary tooth is longer than the rest almost giving the Scipionyx a vampire-like look. It has a long tail that aided in its balance, very large eyes and was most likely a small, yet quick hunter (3). It lived in what is now Italy. The skeleton that was found was a nine inch newborn, but some scientists think that a full grown Scipionyx can reach up to ten feet in length (3). The Scipionyx also possess an enormous hand which is common to the maniraptors (3). This group includes dinosaurs like the velociraptor. The Scipionyx was so well preserved in limestone, that using an ultra-violet light, one could get almost an X-ray of the baby Therapod (5). The internal organs of this dinosaur are somewhat similar to that of a crocodile. For example, the Trachea is well situated in the vertebral column (1). In birds, the Tracheas is usually adjacent to the vertebral column. Similarly to the crocodile, the Scipionyx’s liver is placed ahead of the large intestine (1). The Scipionyx has small groups of muscle fibers that seem to be diaphragmatic musculature (1). Again, these are similar to that of modern day crocodiles. The diaphragmatic musculature aides in diaphragm assisted breathing, which allows modern-day crocodiles to have burst-like movements (1). These traits are not consistent with an avian style, air sac component which is typical of birds (1). The diaphragm was shown to divide the body into two parts. One part contained the heart and the lungs, the other had the intestines, and the entrails (2).

Magna Carta for Students Essay

EXPLANATORY NOTE One of the biggest foundations of a progressive nation is an educated population. Development in the different areas of knowledge such a science and technology, business, medicine, social science and others have brought about drastic advancement in our present society. In an increasingly demanding and dynamic global economy, competitiveness, more than an advantage, is a must. As expressed in the Philippine Constitution, education is one of the priorities of the State. Aside from the basic needs such as food, shelter and clothing, it is one of the primary necessities that the State should provide for its constituents. While the private sector is an active participant in the promotion of education at present, the governrnent should still lead in ensuring its quality and accessibility. It should be recognized that the full development of the students is not dependent merely on books and lectures. Aside from providing them with an environment conductive to learning, it is the duty of the State to ensure the quality of education that goes beyond the corners of the classroom; for indeed the true lessons in life are gained in the real world. However, the present formal educational system has, in one way or another, deprived the students of the chance to develop their full potential. This Magna Carta for Students intends to equalize the chance of the students to admission in school and to avail of competent and quality education. It seeks to provide measures to ensure that the students are able to exercise their rights to organize, right to participate in policy-making, right to academic freedom, and right to free expression and information. For these reasons, the passage of this bill is earnestly sought. Senator FIFTEENTH CONGRESS OF THE REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES First Regular Session ) ) ) HI SENATE Senate Bill No. JUl. -8 A9 :(). :i 911 INTRODUCED BY SEN. JINGGOY EJERCITO ESTRADA AN ACT PROVIDING FOR THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE MAGNA CARTA OF STUDENTS Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the Philippines in Congress assembled: SECTION 1. Students†. Title. This Act shall be known as the â€Å"Magna Carta of CHAPTER I GENERAL PRINCIPLES SEC. 2. Declaration of Policy. It is hereby declared to be the policy of the State to promote and protect the rights of students to enable them to participate actively and effectively in the democratic processes of effective progressive and developmental changes in society. SEC. 3. Guiding Principles. This Act declares the following as basic guiding principles: (a) The formal educational system being the principal institutional mechanism for imparting knowledge and developing skills is given priority attention and support by the govemment. Education is a right and not a mere privilege. It is therefore the responsibility of the State to provide quality education accessible at all curriculum levels. Student organizations enhance democratic processes on the campus. Membership and active which promote and protect students’ rights and welfare andor contribute to national development shall be guaranteed by the State and school authorities. Student organizations shall not be subject to rules and regulations that unduly hamper their activities and are prejudicial to their objectives and interests, provided such objectives, activities and interests are with the school’s mission. Student councils’governments being the most representative of the studentry and the highest expression of student power on campus shall be consulted in the formulation of school policies directly affecting students. (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) . (g) Student publication shall serve as a principal, medium for free and responsible expression, dissemination of information, and interaction, among the different sectors of the academic community . With their democratic rights guaranteed, students can serve as a potent and cogent force in the country’s social transformation. SEC. 4. Definition of Terms. As used in this Act, the following terms shall mean: (a) â€Å"Student† – any person enrolled in school in post secondary, tertiary, graduate and post graduate levels, including vocational and technical education. â€Å"School† – any private, public or government-run and funded academic educational institution offering any or all courses in the above-mentioned levels. â€Å"School campus† – the totality of all contiguous or proximate buildings, grounds and other facilities designed by the school as areas or facilities for the use of its students. â€Å"Governing Board† – the highest policy making body of the school such as: Board of Directors, Trustees or Regents. â€Å"Student Council/Government† – the body representing the whole student population in one school or school campus whose officers are annually elected at large by the whole student population pursuant to its constitution and by-laws, if any. â€Å"Council of Leaders† – the body composed of the heads of various stUdent organizations chaired by the President/Chairman of the Student Council. â€Å"Tuition Fee† – The fee representing direct costs of instructions, training and other related activities, and the use of school facilities. The term â€Å"other school fees† refers to fees which cover other necessary costs supportive of instruction, including but not limited to medical and dental, athletic, library, laboratory, and Citizen Army Training (CAT) or Citizen Military Training (CMT) fees. CHAPTER II RIGHT TO ADMISSION AND QUALITY EDUCATION SEC. 5. Admission. . (a) No student shall be denied admission to any school on account of his/her physical handicap, socio-economic status, political or religious beliefs, or shall pregnant students and certified reformed drug abusers be discriminated against. A student shall have the right to freely choose his/her field of study subject to existing curricula and the instituti. on’s admissions policies and to continue his/her course up to graduation except in case of academic deficiency, inability to meet program requirement, or violation of disciplinary regulations which do not infringe upon the exercise of students’ rights. (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) (g) (b) SEC. 6. Rights to Competent Instruction and Relevant Quality Education. Every student shall have the right to competent instruction and quality education to relevant to his/her personal and cultural development and  that of the nation, and commensurate to the school fees paid, and for state institutions, public subsidies granted. Students shall have the right to make a written evaluation of the performance of their teachers toward the end of the school term. SEC. 7. Right to Adequate Student Services and Academic Facilities. It shall be the responsibility of the school administration to provide the students with adequate student services and academic facilities commensurate to the school fees paid, and for SCUs, public subsidies granted. CHAPTER III RIGHT TO ORGANIZE SEC. 8. Right to Organize among Themselves. Unity and collective effort being fundamental to the realization of common goal and the promotion and protection of common interest, the State recognizes the right of student to organize among themselves . . The rights of student to form, assist, or join any campus organization, alliance or federation, not contrary to the school mission, for their physical, intellectual, moral, cultural, spiritual and political interest shall not be abridged. SEC. 9. Student Council/Government. The State shall ensure the democratic and autonomous existence of student councils/governments. Pursuant thereto, there shall be one student council/government for each school campus, which shall be given recognition by the school, colleges and universities concerned. It shall have its own. set of officers elected in annual popular elections. Every student council/government shall have the right to determine its policies and program on student activities subject to this duly ratified charter or constitution, school rules and regulation, and state policy. SEC. 10. Recognition of and Granting of privileges to Student Organizations. No unreasonable requirements shall be imposed on student organizations seeking recognition. The guidelines concerning recognition shall be formulated by the Student Affairs Office in consultation with the student council. The process for seeking recognition shall begin upon the submission to the Student Affairs Office by the organization concerned on its (1) concept paper and constitution; and (2) a formal letter addressed to the Student Affairs stating that the organization’s intent to be recognized. Recognition will be granted by the Students affairs Office upon compliance with the guidelines. There shall be no discrimination in the assignment of school facilities and granting of other privileges to student organizations. Excessive charges for the use of school facilities shall be prohibited. Whenever possible the school administration shall allow stud~nt organizations to use school facilities free of charge. SEC. 11. Coordination of Student Organizations’ Activities. All on and off campus activities of student organization shall be coordinated by the student council/government in consultation with the Student affairs office. The Committee on Elections (COMELEC) constituted to conduct the election of the officers of the student council/government shall be composed solely of bona fide student of the school. The conduct of the student council election shall be held in coordination with the Student Affairs Office. SEC. 12. Prohibition against the Use of Force and Exaction and Excessive. All campus organization shall be prohibited from using force in initiation and from exacting excessive fees from their members, as well as in their other student’s activities. CHAPTER IV RIGHT TO PARTICIPATE IN POLICY MAKING SEC. 13. Representation in policy-making process. The student shall be represented in policy-making bodies (other than the governing board) which directly affect their welfare, especially in curriculum review, student discipline and academic standards. The representatives shall be designed by the student council. SEC. 14. Student Initiative and Referendum. The student council/government through a majority vote of all the members of the student body shall have the right to initiate the formulation, modification or rejection of a school policy affecting the students. The proposition for the formulation, modification or rejection of a school policy affecting the students shall be submitted to and approved by a majority of votes casts by all bona fide students of the school in an areas shall be excluded from the power of students on initiative or referendum: (a) admission; (b) curriculum; gc) faculty recruitment and tenure; (d) rules on student conduct and discipline; (e) tuition fees; and (f) scholastic rules (e. g.academic credits and retention and graduation of students). CHAPTER V RIGHT TO FREE EXPRESSION AND INFORMATION AND RIGHT TO ACADEMIC FREEDOM , SEC. 15. Right to be Informed. The right of the student to be given information upon request on matters directly affecting their welfare shall be recog ·nized. SEC. 16. Freedom of Expression. Subject to existing laws and school rules and regulations, students shall have the right to freely express their view and opinions. SEC. 17. Academic Freedom. Students’ academic freedom shall subject to school rules and regulations and the exercise by the school and members of the faculty of their respective academic freedom, consist of, but is not limited to, the following rights: (a) To conduct research in connection with academic work, and to freely discuss and publish their findings and recommendations; (b) To conduct inquiry in curricular and extracurricular activities within the campus and in appropriate circumstances; (c) To choose a field of study for research and to pursue the quest for truth; to express their opinion on any subject of public or general concern which directly or indirectly affects the students of the educational system; (d) To invite off-campus speakers or resource persons to student sponsored assemblies, fora, symposia, and other activities of similar nature; (e) To express contrary interpretation or dissenting opinions inside and outside the classroom; (f) To participate in the drafting of a new curriculum and in the review or revision of the old; and (g) To participate in the drafting and/or revising of the student handbook which shall include the school rules and regulations, a copy of which shall be furnished the students upon admission to the school. , CHAPTER VI . RIGHT TO DUE PROCESS IN DISCIPLINARY PROCEEDINGS . SEC. 18. Right to Due Process. (a) (b) A student subject tot disciplinary proceedings shall have the right to defend himself/herself, to be heard and to present evidence on his/her behalf before an impartial body. There shall be a Student Disciplinary Board to be composed of two (2) representatives form the school administration, one (1) faculty member, and two (2) students to conduct investigations into and decide on cases student violation of disciplinary standards. The blacklisting, expulsion, suspension and other such disciplinary sanctions that may be taken against a student shall not be valid unless the following rights have been observed: (1) the right to be informed in writing of the nature and cause of the accusations against his/her; (2) the right to confront witnesses against him/her and to have full access to the evidence on the case; (3) the right to defend himself/herself and to be defended by a represented or counsel of his/her choice, adequate time being given for the preparation of a defense; (4) the right to a hearing before the student Disciplinary Board; (5) the right against self incrimination; and (6) the right to appeal adverse decisions of the Student Disciplinary Board to the governing board and ultimately to the appropriate education agencies. (c) The decision in any disciplinary proceeding must be rendered in the basis of relevant and sUbstantial evidence presented at the hearing, or at least contained in the record and disclosed to the student affected. The deciding body must act on its own independent consideration of the facts of the case. The body should, in all controversial questions, render its decision in such a manner that the issues involved, and the reasons for any decision made are clear to the student. (d) Disciplinary sanctions shall be corrective rather publish on a periodic basis acts which are deem violate or school rules and regulations and the corresponding disciplinary sanctions do not violate the rights guaranteed herein and under the Constitution. CHAPTER VII OTHER RIGHTS SEC. 19. Right Against Unreasonable Searches and Seizures. Every student shall be free from any form of unreasonable search and seizure. Except for the following instances no search or seizure of a student shall be deemed valid: (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) Searches made at the point of ingress and egress by authorized personnel of the school. Searches and seizures of illegal article or articles falling in the plain view of duly authorized personnel; Searches and seizures of articles that are illegal, discovered inadvertently by duly authorized personnel; Searches made when the student is about to commit, is committing or has just committed a crime or a serious infraction of the school’s rules and regulations; Searches made with a valid search warrant. Articles seized in violation of the here above mentioned provided rights shall not be used as evidence against the student in any disciplinary action that may be brought against him/her. SEC. 20. Access to School Records and Issuance of Official Certificates. Subject to the provision of the following section, every student shall have access to her/him own school record, the confidentiality of which the school shall  ·maintain. He/she shall have the right to be issued official certificates, diplomas, transcript of records, grades, transfer credentials and other similar documents within thirty (30) days from the filing of request and accomplishment of all pertinent requirements. SEC. 21. Unpaid Tuition Fees and Examination. No student shall be prohibited from taking a periodic or final examination because of unpaid tuition and other fees under the established terms of payment prescribed by the school concemed and approved by the appropriate education agency. Students with delinquent fees permitted to take an examination shall nevertheless be subject to the right of the school concerned to withhold the release or issuance of such students’ school records or of the documents mentioned in the preceding section or to deny such students’ admission at the next succeeding term or year until the prior delinquencies are fully paid.

Definition Essay Topics Top 15 Best Essay Topics and Ideas of 2017

Definition Essay Topics Top 15 Best Essay Topics and Ideas of 2017 Definition essay explains the meaning of a word or a concept. Its just like explaining a new concept to your friend or acquaintance, with the only difference that its being done in writing. Generally, there is nothing easier than coming up with a definition essay topic all you need to do is pick a concept and try to explain it. While attempting to define or explain a concept, you need to remember that concrete (real world) concepts are a lot easier to explain than abstract ones. Conversely, abstract notions are a lot harder to explain. If you are assigned to write a definition essay, read: How to Write a Definition Essay Here is a list of free definition topics that can be used to practice a definition  essay writing. Definition Essay Topics List 1. Define the meaning of friendship, love, hatred etc. 2. Explain what buoyancy means. 3. Define the meaning of onomatopoeia, assonance, alliteration. 4. Explain the term Thatcherism. 5. Explain the term phase as it relates to homogeneous and heterogeneous mixtures. 6. Define the meaning of confidentiality. 7. Define the phenomenon of convergence. 8. Define the concept of influence peddling. 9. Define the concept of culture. 10. Define the term surface tension. 11. Is killing animals humanely? 12. Are carnivorous cannibals? 13. Is acting the same as pretending? 14. Is graffiti really art? 15. Are bananas fruit? There also exists a mix of the definition and argument essay topics. You will need to argue that something should or shouldnt be defined in a certain way. The basic formula for such argument of a definition essay is: Something is/isnt something else or X is/isnt Y. While explaining a given concept you should bear in mind that your actual explanation will vary depending on the academic level you are writing at. For example, if sixth-grade students were asked to explain what friendship is, their essay would most likely start out with Friendship is when†¦Ã¢â‚¬  or simply: It is when†¦ While this verbiage may be ok for a junior school, it is outrageously inappropriate to use it during college years. You need to take into account the level you are expected to perform at and make sure your writing matches those expectations, otherwise youre in trouble. Looking for the definition essay example? Here  are 2 sample definition essays written by our writers: Definition Essay Examples If you need any assistance writing your definition essay, please feel free to contact our support staff and they will guide you through the entire process, ensuring you have learned to cope with this kind of assignment effectively. Place an order to get an instant quote.

Founding Brothers - Joseph Elli essays

Founding Brothers - Joseph Elli essays This chapter talks about the famous duel between Aaron Burr and Alexander Hamilton, and the controversy surrounding the different accounts of the mornings events. It is believed that Hamilton fired first, but that he intentionally aimed to miss Burr, which he did. It is believed that Burr fired two shots, one of which of which was a fatal wound to Hamilton, entering 4 inches above his hip, ricocheting of his rib cage, piercing his liver and diaphragm a lodging in his spinal cord. It is not certain the exact order of events. Some say Burr fired and hit Hamilton, which caused Hamilton to fire and errant shot, then Burr fired a second which was also a miss. Hamilton died in the afternoon of the next day, and has been considered a martyr in the cause of federalism. Burr was then The second chapter talks about the events taking place during a dinner party held at the estate of Thomas Jefferson, between Secretary of Treasury Alexander Hamilton, and southern Congressman James Madison. Hamilton was trying to get congress to approve his plan to restore the public credit. Madison was leader of the group that opposed one of the major points of this plan - the assumption of state debts by the federal government. The two sides came to a compromise - Madison would not oppose Hamiltons plan, and Hamilton would use his influence to ensure that the national capital would remain in the south (on the Potomac River, where it still remains today). The chapter then goes on to talk about the results of the fedral assumption of the debt, Hamiltons Report on the Public Credit and the events during the debate of the new resting place of the nations capital. The third chapter talks about the great debate of 1790, over the issue of abolishment of slavery. The debate was started by two ...

Claims Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Claims - Essay Example In the company, there were different groups doing specific tasks and with different leaders and communication system. The groups are motivated in different ways in respect to their output. In my self assessment test, I was exceedingly interested in working in groups. I like being the group leader since I can manage the group dynamics. In my future career plans, I would like to own a company and manage it myself. The competences are incredibly essential in the entire running of the company. They are inter related in that they all aim at achieve organizational goals and objectives. The effectiveness of a manager is determined by the outcome of the organization in regard to the set objectives and goals. If the skills and competences are effective, the organization will manage to achieve their goals and objectives. In most organization, the managers lack some skills and competences leading to poor management. ... In the organization, different personnel did more work than others. The organization had a policy of rewarding people and groups based on the output they delivered. This was extraordinarily critical, and it encouraged people to work extremely hard to get more rewards (Scott, Spriegel and Clothier 22) Nominate one management skill to investigate in the next semester Decision making The main reason why I nominated decision making is due to its daily application in all level of management. When I was working, decision making was my chief problem. This is the process through which managers use to solve existing problems in an organization. It is the key aspects that single out the performance of a manager. In most organization, the success of any organization depends on the decision made by the management. When I was working as a scripter, my key weakness was making the right decisions on time. The manager of the company was always complaining about it, and this triggered me to find mean s to hasten my decision making skills. The main reason why I did not make decisions on time was due to the uncertainty of the outcome (Drucker and Maciariello 56) Guidelines that influence decision making 1. Define the problem. This involves identifying the decision that will help in the attainment of the organizational objectives. The problem may be short-term or long-term. 2. Identification of limiting factors. The decision maker should analyze the ideal resources that are required to implement the decision that is to be made. The manager must have adequate information, personnel, time, supplies and equipment. The manager should also take into account the internal and

War Against Terrorism Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

War Against Terrorism - Assignment Example The war is now affecting even the people who are not directly involved (non-combatants) in its path, and this leads one to question the constitutional rights being violated by the American war on Iraq. This paper will examine the constitutional issue being impacted by this war, and what can be done to eliminate all possible constitutional violations on both sides. After the 9/11 attacks, the American government opted to take away or amend some constitutional rights enjoyed by the American people. It is believed that after the attack, Americans were asked to give up some fundamental rights in order to address the war on terror. Due to fear and uncertainty, people were willing to give these up, not thinking of the future days. It is sad that free people had to give up their civil liberties in order to acquire temporary safety and liberty. This is what most people are up in arms against today, and if the continuous wars are anything to go by, more lobby groups are going to stand and fight for the long forgotten American freedoms. Sadly, America’s allies are also feeling the pressure placed on them by the United States, and are being forced to do the same in their home countries in order to ‘protect’ their citizens from unforeseen threats (Nabeel, Howell & Shryock, 2011). Internationally, the United States is affecting the constitutional rights of the Iraqi government and people by attacking their national sovereignty. There might be a pretext that there is fostered co-operation between the two nations, but this is only what the American government wants people to think. The Iraqi government may be strong-armed to accept the conditions of the American government, while its people are being killed and maimed in the name of the war on terror (Herman, 2011). The trammeling of rights on both sides is alarming, and with advancement in technological fields, there is no telling